No ke aha ʻo PLA, PBAT a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ke kumu nui? E ʻike i nā plastic biodegradable maʻamau i ke ola: PLA.

Mai kona hoʻomaka ʻana, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka palaki ma nā ʻano like ʻole o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina, e like me ka ʻoihana hoʻopili a me ka ʻoihana huahana hoʻolei, kahi i lawe mai i ka maʻalahi nui i ka hana kanaka a me ke ola. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kona hoʻohana nui ʻana a me ka nui o ka ʻōpala ua alakaʻi i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka haumia o ke kaiapuni, me ka haumia o ka muliwai, ka haumia o ka ʻāina mahiʻai, a me ka haumia o ka palaki kai.

ʻO nā plastics biodegradable e pili ana i kahi ʻano plastics nona ka hana e hoʻokō i nā koi hoʻohana i ka wā mālama a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā mea ʻino ʻole o ke kaiapuni ma lalo o nā kūlana kūlohelohe, kahi i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā ala kūpono e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pilikia o ka haumia plastik.

I waena o lākou, ʻo PLA, PBS a me PBAT he mau ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe. He ʻokoʻa nā ʻano o nā plastics biodegradable like ʻole, kēlā me kēia me ko lākou mau pono a me nā hemahema. No ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻike a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā plastics biodegradable, hoʻohālikelike piha kēia pepa i nā plastics biodegradable i luna ma ke ʻano o ka hiki ke hana, ka hana piha a me nā kahua noi.

kūlana o ka hiki ke hana

Ma lalo o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā kapu plastik, ua wela loa ka ʻoihana plastik degradable, ua hoʻonui nā ʻoihana plastik kūloko i ka hana ʻana. Ua maopopo he PLA a me PBS / PBAT ka mana ma ka piko o ka mākeke. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka mana PLA honua he 420,000 tons / makahiki, a ʻo ka mana i kūkulu ʻia a manaʻo ʻia ma mua o 3 miliona tons.

ʻO ka hana nui ʻana a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana e hōʻike hapa ana ʻo nā mea PLA a me PBS/PBAT nā mea plastik biodegradable i ʻike nui ʻia ma ka mākeke. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka ʻenehana hana kūloko o PLA e emi nui ana ma hope, ʻoiai ke kāohi ʻia nei nā mea maka propylene ester e nā kānaka, e alakaʻi ana i ka mana PLA kūloko o Kina he haʻahaʻa loa ia ma mua o ka mana PLA o kekahi mau ʻāina ʻē.

ʻO ka PHA, PPC, PGA, PCL plastic degradable e like me ka mana e kū nei a me ka wā e hiki mai ana e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui i ka mana, ʻo ke kumu nui ʻo ia ka plastic biodegradable aia nō i ke kahua mua o ka ʻoihana, ʻaʻole i oʻo ka ʻenehana hana, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai hana, e alakaʻi ana i ka ʻike mākeke, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe kēia kahua me PLA a me PBS/PBAT i ka hoʻokūkū plastic maʻamau, akā ʻoi aku ka hoʻohana ʻia ma ke kahua o nā mea biomedical kiʻekiʻe.

hoʻohālikelike hana piha

ʻO ka Polyethylene (PE) kahi palakiko kuʻuna i hoʻohana nui ʻia a he koho nui i nā palakiko biodegradable. Loaʻa iā PE ka crystallisity maikaʻi loa, ka pale wai mahu, a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka wā, a hiki ke kapa ʻia kēia mau waiwai he "ʻano PE". ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā palakiko biodegradable maʻamau o kēia manawa he polyester aliphatic, e like me PLA a me PBS, hiki ke manaʻo nui ʻia ʻo ia ka pilina ester i hāʻawi ʻia e ka pilina ester i loko o kāna kaulahao molekala e loaʻa ana nā pilina ester, a hāʻawi ke kaulahao momona iā ia i nā "ʻano PE".

Ua like ke kiko heheʻe a me nā waiwai mechanical o PBAT a me PBS me PE, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o PE i ka ʻoihana huahana hoʻolei. ʻO ke koena o nā ʻano like ʻole he mau hemahema o ka hana mechanical maikaʻi ʻole, ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi ʻole, ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana a me ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, pono e hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻia mai nā noi nui.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia mau mea palaho, e lawe i ka PLA ma ke ʻano he laʻana.

(1) Kahua Biomedical: Ma ke kahua o ka biomedicine, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea polylactic acid e like me nā mea lawe lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea stent ʻenekinia kiko, nā mea hoʻoponopono iwi, a pēlā aku.

ʻO ke kahua lapaʻau kahi i hoʻopili mua ʻia ai ka pla a me kāna mau paʻakikī. I kēia manawa, ua hana ia i nā noiʻi kumu nui a me nā noi lapaʻau i ke ʻoki iwi, ke ʻoki thoracic, ke ʻoki maxillofacial, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā tumors.

(2) Nā Wahi ʻOihana a me ka Mahiʻai: Loaʻa i ka waikawa Polylactic ka plasticity maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa wela a me nā waiwai hana kino, hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o ka ʻili ʻāina mahiʻai e hoʻoponopono i nā hemahema palupalu a me nā hemahema ʻole o ka ʻili plastik kuʻuna. Hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o nā mea ʻenekinia kōkua, nā kaula kūkulu, nā pesticide a me nā mea hoʻokuʻu lohi i ka ʻoihana kaʻa. Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka degradability o ka polyethylene (pe) mulch maʻamau a me ka polylactate mulch, a me ka ulu ʻana o ka pulupulu ma lalo o nā uhi mulch like ʻole, ua ʻike ʻia ua hoʻomaka ka polylactate mulch e degradate ma kahi o 20 d, hiki i ka wahi degradation ke hiki i kahi o 80% i ka wā ʻohi pulupulu, a ua hōʻike ka degradation mulch i ka hana insulation maikaʻi. Ma ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka hopena o ka pe mulch maʻamau a me ka polylactic acid (pla) mulch i ke kanu ʻana i ka watermelon, ua hōʻike ka hoʻāʻo he biodegradable ka ʻili plastik pla a ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohaumia i ke kaiapuni. Hiki i ka uhi ʻana i ka pla mulch ke hoʻolaha i ka ulu a me ka ulu ʻana o ka watermelon.

(3) Mea hoʻopili meaʻai: Loaʻa i ka waikawa Polylactic nā waiwai biodegradable maikaʻi, antibacterial maikaʻi loa a me nā waiwai antimildew i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea e like me ka polyethylene (Polyethylene, PE), PVC (Polyvinyl chloride, PVC), polypropylene (Polypropylene, PP). Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻiʻo hou anu me ka vacuum me ka ʻili composite PLLA-PVA-PCL a me nā mea hoʻopili i hoʻohui ʻia me ka streptococcus lactate. ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka manawa mālama o ka ʻiʻo i hoʻopili ʻia ma mua o ka ʻiʻo hou anu i hoʻopili ʻia me ka ʻōwili plastik PE, a mālama ka ʻiʻo i ke kala a me ka maikaʻi.

Ma lalo o nā kūlana kinoea like ʻole, ʻo nā hopena hoʻāʻo o ka wehe ʻana, ka ʻōpala ea PLA, ka ʻōpala ea PE, ka ʻōpala vacuum PE ma ka hopena mālama carambola e hōʻike ana hiki i ka ʻeke ʻōpala kiʻiʻoniʻoni PLA ke mālama pono i ka maikaʻi o ke ʻano a me nā meaʻai o ka carambola, a hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa papa o ka carambola.

No ka ʻike hou aku, e ʻoluʻolu e hahai mai iā mākou, e kaʻana like mākou iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka lole nonwoven.